|
Alexis (; c. 375 BC – c. 275 BC) was a Greek comic poet of the Middle Comedy period. He was born at Thurii (in present day Calabria, Italy) in Magna Graecia and taken early to Athens,〔Suda'' ''s.v.'' 〕 where he became a citizen, being enrolled in the deme ''Oion'' () and the tribe Leontides.〔Stephanus of Byzantium, ''s.v.'' 〕 It is thought he lived to the age of 106 and died on the stage while being crowned. According to the ''Suda'', a 10th-century encyclopedia, Alexis was the paternal uncle of the dramatist Menander and wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments now survive, including some 130 preserved titles. ==Life== It was said he had a son, called Stephanus, who also wrote comedies.〔''Suda'' ''s.v.'' 〕 He appears to have been rather addicted to the pleasures of the table, according to Athenaeus.〔〔Athenaeus, ''Deipnosophistae'' viii. p. 344''〕 He won his first Lenaean victory in the 350s BC, most likely, where he was sixth after Eubulus, and fourth after Antiphanes. While being a Middle Comic poet, Alexis was contemporary with several leading figures of New Comedy, such as Philippides, Philemon, Diphilus, and even Menander. There is also some evidence that, during his old age, he wrote plays in the style of New Comedy. Plutarch says that he lived to the age of 106 and 5 months, and that he died on the stage while being crowned victor.〔Plutarch, ''Defect. Orac.'' p. 420 e〕 He was certainly alive after 345 BC, for Aeschines mentions him as alive in that year. He was also living at least as late as 288 BC,〔 from which his birth date is calculated. According to the ''Suda'' he wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments including some 130 titles survive. His plays include ''Meropis'', ''Ankylion'', ''Olympiodoros'', ''Parasitos'' (exhibited in 360 BC, in which he ridiculed Plato), ''Agonis'' (in which he ridiculed Misgolas), and the ''Adelphoi'' and the ''Stratiotes'', in which he satirized Demosthenes, and acted shortly after 343 BC. Also ''Hippeis'' (316 BC) (in which he referred to the decree of Sophocles against the philosophers), ''Pyraunos'' (312 BC), ''Pharmakopole'' (306 BC) , ''Hypobolimaios'' (306 BC), and ''Ankylion''.〔 Because he wrote a lot of plays, the same passages often appear in more than 3 plays. It was said that he also borrowed from Eubulus and many other playwrights in some of his plays.〔Athenaeus, i. p.25, f.〕 According to Carytius of Pergamum, Alexis was the first to use the part of the parasite.〔Athen. vi. p.235, f. This is incorrect, because Epicharmus had already introduced it 250 years earlier. However, Alexis may have been the first to develop the part into its common form.〕 Alexis was known in Roman times; Aulus Gellius noted that Alexis' poetry was used by Roman comedians, including Turpilius and possibly Plautus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alexis (poet)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|